The internal elements of psoriasis on the body and scalp include a strong genetic predisposition, where family history plays a crucial role. In addition, the overactive immune system triggers chronic inflammation of the skin, accelerating cell turnover.
Hormonal changes, such as those occurring during puberty or pregnancy, can also exacerbate symptoms. Additionally, metabolic factors, such as obesity and diabetes, are linked to an increased risk of psoriasis.
What are the internal factors of psoriasis?
Psoriasis has a strong hereditary component, increasing the risk for those with affected family members. Genes play a crucial role in predisposition to this disease. As a result of this predisposition, the overactive immune system, typical of psoriasis, causes persistent inflammation of the skin.
This abnormal immune response causes cells to overgrow, leading to the formation of thick patches of skin. Hormonal changes, such as those seen during puberty, pregnancy, or menopause, can also affect the onset or worsening of symptoms in some people. Additionally, metabolic factors such as obesity and metabolic syndrome have been linked to an increased risk of developing psoriasis or increased severity of symptoms in people who already have the condition.
The strong hereditary component of psoriasis
Psoriasis has a strong genetic component, meaning that people with a family history of the condition are more likely to develop it. Research shows that if a parent has psoriasis, the child's risk of developing it increases significantly, and this risk doubles if both parents are affected.
Scientists have identified several genes associated with psoriasis predisposition, which influence how the immune system reacts to external aggressors, often excessively, leading to the characteristic symptoms of the disease. This genetic predisposition underlines the importance of early detection and regular monitoring in people at risk.
The importance of the immune system in the development of psoriasis
Psoriasis is primarily considered an autoimmune disease, meaning that the immune system plays a crucial role in its development. Normally designed to protect the body from infections and diseases, the body's defense system in people with psoriasis mistakenly attacks skin cells, accelerating their growth.
This process leads to chronic inflammation and the formation of thick, scaly plaques. Cytokines, immune system signaling proteins, are particularly active in psoriasis, exacerbating inflammation and skin manifestations.
Understanding these defense mechanisms helps target treatments to reduce disease activity and improve clinical signs.
Hormonal changes can influence psoriasis
Hormonal fluctuations are known to influence psoriasis, exacerbating or alleviating manifestations depending on the case. For example, many patients report worsening of their manifestations during puberty, pregnancy, or menopause.
These periods of intense hormonal change can trigger new flare-ups or intensify existing lesions. Hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, appear to play complex roles, sometimes protective, sometimes provocative, in the pathology of psoriasis.
Research continues to uncover how these hormones interact with immune pathways to influence the severity and frequency of disease flares.
Metabolic factors impact psoriasis
Psoriasis is often associated with metabolic conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, which can worsen the skin condition. Patients with psoriasis are at increased risk of developing metabolic disorders, partly due to the systemic inflammation associated with their disease.
Adipose tissue, particularly in overweight individuals, can produce inflammatory substances that exacerbate the manifestations of psoriasis. Therefore, weight management and control of metabolic factors may play a crucial role in controlling the manifestations of psoriasis and reducing the risk of complications associated with the disease.
There are several types of psoriasis responsible for various skin conditions that can affect several parts of the body and skin.
What are the external factors of psoriasis?
In addition to internal factors, several external factors can trigger or worsen the manifestations of psoriasis. The Koebner phenomenon, for example, demonstrates that skin lesions in the form of scratches, cuts or sunburn can cause psoriasis to appear in the affected areas.
In addition, excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption is often associated with worsening of symptoms in many people with this disease.
Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can also trigger psoriasis flare-ups, especially in people who are already predisposed to the disease. Emotional stress and mental tension can also worsen symptoms or trigger flare-ups in some cases.
Additionally, certain medications, such as beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may make symptoms worse in some people.
It is important to note that triggers and responses to psoriasis can vary greatly from person to person, often requiring an individualized approach to effectively manage the disease at each level.
What is the Koebner phenomenon in psoriasis?
Koebner phenomenon is a reaction seen in some psoriasis patients, where new lesions appear on previously healthy areas of skin following injury or irritation. This phenomenon can be triggered by cuts, scrapes, insect bites, or even burns.
It illustrates the sensitivity of the skin in affected individuals, where even slight physical aggressions can induce a flare-up.
Recognition of this phenomenon is crucial for the management of psoriasis, as it highlights the importance of avoiding skin trauma to reduce the appearance of new plaques.
Excessive consumption of tobacco and alcohol
Excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption are known to have adverse effects on general health, but they can also exacerbate the manifestations of psoriasis.
Nicotine and other compounds in tobacco can stimulate inflammation, while alcohol can impair the effectiveness of treatments and worsen inflammation.
People with psoriasis often experience an increase in lesions with regular use of these substances. Reducing or eliminating tobacco and alcohol can therefore help control the manifestations of the disease and improve the effectiveness of treatments.
How can infections trigger psoriasis?
Infections, particularly those caused by streptococcal bacteria, are known triggers for psoriasis, especially the guttate type.
These infections can activate the immune system in a way that affects the skin, causing an inflammatory response that manifests as plaques or lesions.
Prompt treatment of infections, particularly in individuals predisposed to or already suffering from psoriasis, is crucial to prevent or minimize these reactions.
The impact of emotional and mental stress
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Emotional and mental stress can have a profound impact on the course of psoriasis. Periods of intense stress can often precede or worsen flare-ups. The underlying mechanism involves the release of stress hormones such as cortisol, which can interfere with various inflammatory functions in the body. Effective stress management, through techniques such as meditation, exercise, and psychological counseling, can therefore be beneficial for people with psoriasis, helping to reduce the frequency and severity of flare-ups.
Some medications can make psoriasis worse
Internal link: how to treat psoriasis? → treat psoriasis
Certain medications, including beta-blockers, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and some blood pressure medications, can make psoriasis worse. These substances can interfere with immune and inflammatory pathways, exacerbating existing lesions or triggering new flare-ups. It is important for psoriasis patients to discuss their condition with their doctor, to adjust prescriptions and minimize the potential negative impact of medications on their disease.
FAQ: Causes of psoriasis
How is psoriasis diagnosed?
Psoriasis is diagnosed by a dermatologist who examines the characteristic skin lesions, often red and scaly, on areas such as the scalp. A skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the psoriatic diagnosis by ruling out other conditions. The patient's medical history and symptoms are also taken into account.
How can people with psoriasis take care of their skin on a daily basis?
People with psoriasis can take care of their skin daily by following a few essential steps. First, it is important to use moisturizers to prevent dryness and reduce inflammation. Following the treatment prescribed by their doctor is crucial, whether it is creams, oral medications or biological therapies. About 90% of patients see improvement with proper treatment. A regular skincare routine that follows medical recommendations is essential to improve quality of life and manage this inflammatory disease.
